Sleep is generally defined as a period during which the body and mind are at rest—as if disconnected from the world. However, a new study led by Delphine Oudiette, Isabelle Arnulf, and Lionel Naccache ...

Researchers analysed mice's D1 and D2 neurons to understand how they code and respond to appetitive and aversive stimuli. The study revealed that, contrary to what was initially thought, these neurons ...

Music and speech are encountered daily and are unique to human beings. Both are transformed by the auditory pathway from an initial acoustical encoding to higher level cognition. Studies of cortex ...

Animals, including cats, birds, and humans, instinctively adapt their responses to external stimuli based on their surrounding environment or previously learned information. For instance, a dog ...